Basic
30 min

Boiler Startup Sequence

boilersafetysequencerflameHVAC

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Boiler Startup Sequence scenario preview

Briefing

A gas-fired boiler uses a strict startup sequence to ensure safe ignition. The purge fan must run for 30s while PURGE_PRESSURE_OK is confirmed. Then a pilot valve opens and ignition energises for 5s — FLAME_SENSOR must confirm ignition within this window. If flame is confirmed, the main fuel valve opens and the pilot is closed. Loss of flame during run latches a fault. Low water also latches a fault.

Objectives

  • Start sequence: PURGE_FAN on for 30s with PURGE_PRESSURE_OK confirmed
  • After purge: PILOT_VALVE + IGNITION on for 5s — FLAME_SENSOR must assert
  • Flame confirmed: MAIN_FUEL_VALVE on, PILOT_VALVE off, IGNITION off, BURNER_ON_LAMP on
  • Loss of FLAME_SENSOR during run latches FAULT_LAMP and shuts fuel
  • WATER_LEVEL_OK must be true before and during run; loss latches FAULT_LAMP
  • ESTOP or STOP_PB at any time shuts all outputs and latches fault if mid-sequence

Hints

  • Steps: IDLE → PURGE (30s) → IGNITION (5s) → RUN → FAULT
  • Use TON timers; check PURGE_PRESSURE_OK during purge, FLAME_SENSOR during ignition window
  • FAULT_BIT: SET on flame loss, water loss, or ignition timeout; clear only via STOP_PB reset from IDLE
  • BURNER_ON_LAMP := in RUN step AND FLAME_SENSOR

I/O Table

Inputs

START_PB

Start push-button

BOOL · %I0.0

STOP_PB

Stop push-button

BOOL · %I0.1

ESTOP

Emergency stop (normally open)

BOOL · %I0.2

FLAME_SENSOR

Flame detector — high = flame present

BOOL · %I0.3

PURGE_PRESSURE_OK

Combustion air pressure switch

BOOL · %I0.4

WATER_LEVEL_OK

Boiler water level switch

BOOL · %I0.5

Outputs

PURGE_FAN

Combustion air purge fan

BOOL · %Q0.0

IGNITION

Spark igniter

BOOL · %Q0.1

MAIN_FUEL_VALVE

Main gas fuel valve

BOOL · %Q0.2

PILOT_VALVE

Pilot gas valve

BOOL · %Q0.3

BURNER_ON_LAMP

Burner on indicator lamp

BOOL · %Q0.4

FAULT_LAMP

Fault indicator lamp

BOOL · %Q0.5

Your program will be tested against:

All test cases run automatically when you submit. Assertions are hidden until you pass.

  1. #1Purge fan starts on START_PB with water OK

    START_PB while WATER_LEVEL_OK -> PURGE_FAN energises

  2. #2Ignition fires after 30s purge

    After 30s purge with pressure OK, PILOT_VALVE + IGNITION energise

  3. #3Flame confirmation opens main valve

    FLAME_SENSOR during ignition -> MAIN_FUEL_VALVE on, pilot off

  4. #4ESTOP shuts all outputs and latches fault

    ESTOP during run -> all outputs off, FAULT_LAMP on

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Runnable simulator field guide

Boiler startup PLC scenario: test checklist

Direct answer

The learner can define every state and proof, retain first-out trip evidence and prevent reset or power return from producing an unintended start.

Written for process-control learners sequencing a bounded educational boiler model from available conditions through purge and firing permission.

a guarded water-based process training skid used to test dosing, heating, flushing, valve, pump and instrument sequence evidence while studying boiler startup permissives, purge, proof, trip and restart inhibition
System map / 02

NODE 01observable

Scenario setup

Educational boiler boundary, water level, pressure and temperature state, draft or airflow proof, fuel availability, purge sequence, ignition permission, flame proof, trips, first-out, reset and restart authority.

NODE 02observable

I/O and state map

Start request through permissives, fan command, airflow proof, timed purge, ignition and fuel permission, flame evidence, heating state, trip response and shutdown feedback.

NODE 03observable

Normal run

The model reaches firing state only after every declared proof and returns to a defined safe stopped state for each simulated trip.

NODE 04observable

Boundary run

Low water, no airflow, purge timeout, ignition failure, flame loss, high pressure, sensor bad quality, simultaneous trips, reset held and controller restart.

NODE 05observable

Injected fault

A requirement, permissive, sequence, timer, output, final element, proof, trip, first-out, reset or restart mismatch.

NODE 06observable

Target check

The actual combustion system engineered, commissioned and proof-tested by qualified specialists under current codes and manufacturer requirements.

Answer surface / 07

What should a boiler startup sequence check?

A real design checks the approved water, pressure, airflow, fuel, valve, purge, ignition, flame and trip conditions in the required order; exact requirements are system-specific.

Why preserve first-out boiler trip evidence?

Many downstream conditions change during shutdown, so the first initiating cause is valuable for diagnosis and controlled recovery.